Computational methods that were once successful for capillary sequencing have not worked well for massively parallel short-read sequencing. This sparked a flurry of new short-read mapping and assembly methods. More recently, long-read sequencing technologies from Pacific Biosciences and Oxford Nanopore have emerged, producing extremely long, but noisy, reads. Again, this fundamental shift in data type has required new computational methods for routine bioinformatics tasks, but is also creating many new opportunities. I will discuss applications of long-read sequencing to the problems of genome assembly, alignment, and metagenomics; including the possibility of complete, haplotype-resolved vertebrate genomes and real-time analysis of complex metagenomic samples
